Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present Perfect Continuous tense yakni suatu tense dlm bahasa Inggris yg dipakai untuk memberikan bahwa suatu insiden dimulai pada masa lampau & terus berlanjut hingga ketika iui. Tense ini pula sering disebut dgn Present Perfect Progressive tense. Karena terdapat unsur Continuous tense dlm tense ini, yg perlu diperhatikan adalah kata kerja yg cocok untuk dipakai dgn Verb-ing (mempunyai durasi waktu).

Contoh:

I have been reading Harry Potter and the Cursed Child for a month now.

Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa membaca Harry Potter and the Cursed Child merupakan suatu acara yg dimulai di masa lampau & belum tamat hingga ketika ini & akan terus berlanjut hingga di masa depan.

Rumus Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus Present Perfect Continuous tense mesti menyesuaikan dgn subjek tunggal atau jamak dr kalimat.

Berikut ini rumus Present Perfect Continuous tense beserta pola kalimatnya:

Subject	Positive	Negative	Interrogative
I	I + have + been + Verb-ing I have been living here for 4 years.	I + have + not + been + Verb-ing I have not been living here for 4 years.	Have + I + been + Verb-ing Have I been living here for 4 years?
You	You + have + been + Verb-ing You have been living here for 4 years.	You + have + not + been + Verb-ing You have not been living here for 4 years.	Have + you + been + Verb-ing Have you been living here for 4 years?
They	They + have + been + Verb-ing They have been living here for 4 years.	They + have + not + been + Verb-ing They have not been living here for 4 years.	Have + they + been + Verb-ing Have they been living here for 4 years?
We	We + have + been + Verb-ing We have been living here for 4 years.	We + have + not + been + Verb-ing We have not been living here for 4 years.	Have + we + been + Verb-ing Have we been living here for 4 years?
He	He + has + been + Verb-ing He has been living here for 4 years.	He + has + not + been + Verb-ing He has not been living here for 4 years.	Has + he + been + Verb-ing Has he been living here for 4 years?
She	She + has + been + Verb-ing She has been living here for 4 years.	She + has + not + been + Verb-ing She has not been living here for 4 years.	Has + she + been + Verb-ing Has she been living here for 4 years?
It	It + has + been + Verb-ing It has been living here for 4 years.	It + has + not + been + Verb-ing It has not been living here for 4 years.	Has + it + been + Verb-ing Has it been living here for 4 years?

**Catatan:

Pada bentuk aktual, ananda mampu memakai singkatan I’ve untuk I have, You’ve untuk You have, They’ve untuk They have, & seterusnya. Singkatan ini tak berlaku untuk subjek He, She, & It. Sedangkan pada bentuk negatif, akronim yg benar untuk digunakan yakni haven’t & hasn’t. Contohnya, I haven’t been living here for 4 years, bukan I’ve not been living here for 4 years.

Kata Kerja Tanpa Bentuk Continuous

Seperti yg telah diterangkan sebelumnya, Present Perfect Continuous tense mesti memakai kata kerja yg memiliki bentuk Continuous (progressive) atau memiliki durasi waktu tertentu. Berikut ini beberapa teladan kata kerja yg tak mampu ananda gunakan dgn Present Perfect Continuous tense karena beberapa kata kerja ini tak mempunyai durasi waktu, atau dgn kata lain cuma dimulai & tamat dgn waktu yg singkat:

• I’ve wanted to visit Japan for years.
• She’s known John since she was a child.
• I’ve hated that music since I first heard it.
• I’ve heard a lot about you recently.
• We’ve understood everything.

Signal Words dlm Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Berikut ini beberapa contoh kata yg sering digunakan bareng dgn Present Perfect Continuous tense untuk menawarkan waktu:

For	I’ve been being in relationship with her for 8 months.
Since	I have been owning my Mazda since 2007.
Recently	Sarah has been being late for work recently.
Lately	I haven’t been feeling well lately.

Kontributor: Nanda Widya, S.Hum.

Alumni Sastra Inggris FIB UI

Materi Wargamasyarakat.org lainnya:

1. Simple Present Tense
2. Narrative Text
3. Procedure Text