Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Pengertian Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Tense ini pula sering disebut dgn Past Perfect Progressive Tense. Tidak mirip Present Perfect Continuous Tense yg memberikan bahwa suatu insiden dimulai di masa lampau & terus berlanjut hingga dikala ini,  Past Perfect Continuous Tense menunjukkan bahwa sebuah peristiwa dimulai pada masa lalu, terus berlanjut sampai suatu waktu di masa lalu, & pula selsai di masa lalu. Namun sama dgn Present Perfect Continuous Tense, tense ini pula menekankan pada proses atau adanya kejadian yg terus berlanjut dgn durasi tertentu.

Fungsi Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Selain yg sudah disebutkan di atas, Past Perfect Continuous Tense pula digunakan pada Reported Speech. Tense ini adalah pada Past Continuous Tense & Present Perfect Continuous Tense pada Direct Speech.

Contoh:

1. Direct Speech pada Past Continuous Tense: When I asked him why he didn’t answer my call, he said “I was studying”.

Reported Speech: When I asked him why he didn’t answer my call, he said that he had been studying.

2. Direct Speech pada Present Perfect Continuous Tense: Sarah said, “I have been exercising all afternoon”.

Reported Speech: Sarah said that she had been exercising all afternoon.

Rumus Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus Past Perfect Continuous Tense cukup sederhana yaitu had + been + Verb-ing. Rumus tersebut tak akan berganti meskipun kita memakai subjek tunggal atau jamak.

Positive

Subject + had + been + Verb-ing

Contoh:

1. The labors had been demonstrating.
2. They had been repairing that computer since an hour ago.
3. He had been drinking milk out the carton when his mom walked into the kitchen.

Negative

Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing

Contoh:

1. The labors had not been demonstrating.
2. They had not been repairing that computer since an hour ago.
3. He had not been drinking milk out the carton when his mom walked into the kitchen.

Interrogative

Had + Subject + been + Verb-ing

Contoh:

1. Had the labors been demonstrating?
2. Had they been repairing that computer since an hour ago?
3. Had he been drinking milk out the carton when his mom walked into the kitchen?

Preposition yg lazimDigunakan dgn Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Preposition	Artinya	Contoh Kalimat
When	Ketika	I had been studying all night when you called last night. She had been playing the piano for twenty years when she was retired.
For	Selama	They had been talking for two hours before you arrived. I had been working out for an hour.
Since	Sejak	The program that was terminated had been working well since it was made. These kids had been running around since you left.
Before	Sebelum	I had been walking three miles a day before I broke my leg. I had been working at this company for five years before I got promoted.

Yang perlu diperhatikan dlm mengetahui tense ini yakni kata kerja yg digunakan haruslah mempunyai bentuk Continuous atau Progressive. Berikut ini adalah beberapa kata yg tak memiliki bentuk Progressive:

• Feeling: love, hate, like, want, & lain sebagainya
• Senses: appear, fee, hear, see, & lain sebagainya
• Communication: agree, deny, mean, satisfy & lain sebagainya
• Thinking: know, believe, understand, realize, & lain sebagainya

Referensi

Frodesen, J. & Eyring, J. (2000). Grammar Dimensions 4: Form, Meaning, and Use. Boston: Hainle & Hainle.

Thewlis, Stephen H. (2000). Grammar Dimensions 3: Form, Meaning, and Use. Boston: Hainle & Hainle.

Artikel: Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Kontributor: Nanda Widya, S.Hum.

Alumni Sastra Inggris FIB UI

Materi Wargamasyarakat.org yang lain:

1. Descriptive Text
2. Narrative Text
3. Passive Voice