Conjunction

Pengertian Conjunction

Conjunction adalah kata yg berfungsi untuk menghubungkan antara kata, frasa, klausa, atau kalimat. Dengan memakai conjuction, kita mampu membuat kalimat yg kompleks. Selain itu, conjuction menciptakan kita menghindari ketidakberaturan kalimat-kalimat pendek & membuat writing flow kita menjadi lebih baik.

Tanpa conjunction, kita dipaksa untuk mengungkapkan setiap pemikiran kompleks menjadi kalimat-kalimat simple seperti teladan kalimat di bawah ini.

Sandy asked me to come to her party. I could not come. I got sick at that day.

conjunction illustration

Sumber gambar: choolsquestiontime.org

Lihat pula bahan Wargamasyarakat.org lainnya:

Conditional Sentences

Part of Speech

Aturan Penggunaan Conjunction

Terdapat beberapa aturan penting dlm penggunan conjuction, yakni:

1. Conjuction digunakan untuk menghubungkan pandangan baru, langkah-langkah, & noun, clause, serta kelas kata lainnya.

Contoh kalimat: Sarah and I went to the movies and watched The Nutcracker and The Four Realms.

2. Conjunction memiliki kegunaan untuk membuat list.

Contoh kalimat: John makes pancakes, eggs, and coffee for breakfast.

3. Tatkala memakai conjunction, tentukan bahwa kelas kata yg dihubungkan dgn conjunction bersifat paralel (mempunyai struktur yg sama).

Contoh kalimat:

  • I learn fast and carefully.
  • I learn fast and am careful.

Jenis-jenis Conjunction

1. Coordinating Conjunction

Sering disebut dgn perumpamaan “Fan Boys” conjuction.

Coordinating Conjunction Fungsi Contoh Kalimat Coordinating Conjunction
For Menghubungkan alasannya pada balasan. I had to clean the floor as a punishment for making a mess.
And Menghubungkan ilham sekelas & sama. I like fishing and hunting.
Nor Menghubungkan dua kalimat negatif. She doesn’t eat meat, nor does she drink milk.
But Menghubungkan pandangan baru sekelas tetapi berlainan. I like to eat fish, but not to catch them.
Or Menghubungkan dua pilihan sekelas. Do you want to drink tea or coffee?
Yet Menghubungkan pandangan baru sekelas namun bertolak belakang. It’s sunny yet cold.
So Menghubungkan akibat pada alasannya. I didn’t get enough sleep last night, so I’m so sleepy right now.

2. Correlative Conjunction

Correlative conjunction selalu berpasangan.

Correlative Conjunction Contoh Kalimat Correlative Conjunction
Both … and Both London and Paris are worth to visit.
Not only … but also Japanese food is not only delicious but also beautiful to look at.
Either … or It’s going to rain! Bring either an umbrella or a raincoat.
Neither … nor My grandfather could neither read nor write.
Whether … or I am not sure whether he is lying or not.

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3. Subordinating Conjunction

Subordinating conjunction merupakan kata pertama dlm dependent clause. Conjunction ini digunakan untuk tiga jenis klausa, yakni:

Adverb Clause

Fungsi Subordinating Conjunction Contoh Kalimat Subordinating Conjunction
Waktu After

As, Just as

As long as

As soon as

Before

Since

Until

When

Whenever

While

Just as we left, he came.

I waited as long as I could.

While I was studying, she called me.

Tempat Where

Wherever

Anywhere

Everywhere

I like to shop wherever there is a sale.

I use my credit card everywhere I shop.

Cara As, Just as

As if

As though

I love wearing make-up as most women do.
Jarak As + adverb + as We will hike as far as we can before it turns dark.
Frekuensi As often as I call my parents as often as I can.
Sebab As

Because

Since

I can’t take evening class since I work at night.
Tujuan So that

In order that

He moves so that his home is not too far from his office.
Akibat So + adjective + that

So + adverb + that

Such a(n) + noun + that

So much/many/little/few + noun + that

I was so tired last night that I fell asleep at dinner.

She talked so softly that I cannot hear her voice.

It was such an easy test that all students got A’s.

Kondisi If

Unless

We won’t go diving unless the weather is better.
Partial Contrast Although

Even though

Though

I love my brother though we always have different opinions.
Perbedaan While

Whereas

My brother likes hard rock, while I prefer classical music.

Adjective Clause

Fungsi Conjunction Contoh Kalimat
Menunjuk pada orang Who

Whom

Whose

They didn’t approve the man whom my sister married.

An orphan is a child whose parents are dead.

Menunjuk pada orang atau benda Which

That

My new phone which I bought yesterday stopped working.
Menunjuk pada waktu & daerah When

Where

An orphanage is a place where orphans live.

Noun Clause

Fungsi Conjunction Contoh Kalimat
That clauses That Do you believe that there’s life is outer space?
If/whether clauses Whether

Whether or not

Whether… or not

If

If… or not

I can’t remember whether I locked the door.

I can’t remember if I locked the door.

Question clauses Who, whoever, whom

Which, what, where

When, why, how

How much, how many

How long, how often, etc

Do you know where the bus station is?

He didn’t care how long he had to wait.

Conjunctive Adverb

Digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua independent clause.

Fungsi Conjunction Contoh Kalimat
Menambah ide yg sama Also

Besides

Futhermore

In addition

Moreover

I’m a student; also, I work at coffee shop.
Menambah kelanjutan yg tak diduga However

Nevertheless

Nonetheless

Still

I can’t cook very well; however, I make quite good omelettes.
Menambah perbedan In contrast

On the other hand

Sarah is ambitious; in contrast, her brother is quite lazy.
Menambah akhir As a result

Consequently

Therefore

Thus

Joh’s lazy; thus, he gets C in Math class.
Membuat list sesuai urutan waktu Meanwhile

Afterward

Then

Subsequently

I went to swalayan; then, I went home.
Memberi contoh For example

For instance

Our identity can be identified by several aspects; for example, we can define ourselves by mentioning our physical appearance.
Memperlihatkan kesamaan Similarly

Likewise

Surabaya has hot weather; similarly, Jakarta’s average temperature is 34oC.
Memperlihatkan pernyataan kedua yg benar Instead

On the contrary

Rather

They planned to go to Bali; instead, they went to Lombok.
Memberi kemungkinan lain Alternatively

On the other hand

You can live in a dorm of campus; alternatively, you can rent a room off campus.
Menambah klarifikasi Otherwise Identity is the answer of the question ‘Who are you?’; in other words, identity is the way that we use to represent ourselves.
Membuat pernyataan yg lebih kuat Indeed

In fact

Berries are common fruits; indeed, people love berries.

Referensi:

Oshima, A., & Hogue, A. (2006). Writing Academic English (4th ed.). New York: Pearson Longman.

Artikel: Conjunction

Kontributor: Nanda Ayu, S.Hum.

Alumni Sastra Inggris UI

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