What is the Difference Between Shellac and Synthetic Shellac?

Introduction

Shellac and synthetic shellac are two commonly used finishes in the woodworking industry. Both have their own unique characteristics and advantages. In this article, we will explore the differences between shellac and synthetic shellac, including their composition, application methods, durability, and overall performance.

Composition

Shellac is a natural resin that is derived from the secretions of the lac insect found in Southeast Asia. It is harvested by scraping the resinous secretion from the trees where the insects reside. Shellac is then processed into flakes or buttons.

Synthetic shellac, on the other hand, is a man-made product that replicates the properties of natural shellac. It is typically made from synthetic resins such as cellulose nitrate or alkyd resins. Synthetic shellac is available in liquid or aerosol form.

Application Methods

Shellac can be applied using a brush, pad, or spraying equipment. It is usually dissolved in denatured alcohol to create a liquid solution before application. Shellac dries quickly, so it requires careful and efficient application to avoid streaks or lap marks.

Synthetic shellac can be applied in a similar manner to traditional shellac. It is available in liquid form and can be applied with a brush or spraying equipment. However, synthetic shellac may require additional preparation and thinning before application, depending on the specific product.

Durability and Performance

Shellac is known for its excellent adhesion, which allows it to form a strong bond with the wood surface. It provides a hard and durable finish that enhances the natural beauty of the wood. Shellac is resistant to water, heat, and chemicals, making it suitable for both interior and exterior applications.

Synthetic shellac is also known for its durability and performance. It offers similar protective qualities to natural shellac, including resistance to water, heat, and chemicals. Synthetic shellac may have additional additives that improve its durability and scratch resistance.

Appearance

Shellac has a warm and natural appearance, which can enhance the color and grain of the wood. It provides a glossy or satin finish depending on the desired look. Shellac is available in various shades, ranging from clear to amber, allowing woodworkers to choose the right tone for their project.

Synthetic shellac can also provide a glossy or satin finish, depending on the product. It may have a slightly different appearance compared to natural shellac, but it can still enhance the beauty of the wood. Synthetic shellac is available in clear or tinted options.

Conclusion

In summary, shellac and synthetic shellac are both popular finishes in woodworking. Shellac is a natural resin derived from the lac insect, while synthetic shellac is a man-made product that replicates the properties of shellac. Both finishes offer durability, adhesion, and enhance the natural beauty of the wood. The choice between shellac and synthetic shellac depends on personal preference, project requirements, and desired aesthetics.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can shellac be used on outdoor furniture?

Yes, shellac can be used on outdoor furniture. It is resistant to water, heat, and chemicals, making it suitable for exterior applications.

2. Is synthetic shellac more durable than natural shellac?

Both synthetic shellac and natural shellac offer similar durability. However, synthetic shellac may have additional additives that improve its scratch resistance.

3. Can I apply shellac over an existing finish?

Yes, shellac can be applied over certain existing finishes. However, it is important to ensure proper adhesion by thoroughly cleaning and preparing the surface before application.

4. Does shellac require a topcoat?

Shellac can be used as a standalone finish or as a sealer under other finishes. In some cases, a topcoat may be applied for additional protection or desired sheen.

5. Can synthetic shellac be mixed with natural shellac?

Yes, synthetic shellac and natural shellac can be mixed together. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and test the compatibility of the products before application.